{"id":201922,"date":"2019-01-21T23:55:04","date_gmt":"2019-01-22T07:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/?post_type=arcnews&p=201922"},"modified":"2019-01-18T15:20:57","modified_gmt":"2019-01-18T23:20:57","slug":"milwaukees-industrial-past-is-rediscovered-and-redeveloped-using-gis","status":"publish","type":"arcnews","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/arcnews\/milwaukees-industrial-past-is-rediscovered-and-redeveloped-using-gis","title":{"rendered":"Milwaukee\u2019s Industrial Past Is Rediscovered and Redeveloped Using GIS"},"author":1432,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"sync_status":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","castos_file_data":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[10402,10632,1001],"tags":[134592,37732,306962,306972],"arcnews_issues":[300072],"class_list":["post-201922","arcnews","type-arcnews","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arcgis-desktop","category-collector-for-arcgis","category-commercial","tag-field-data-collection","tag-historic-preservation","tag-redevelopment","tag-tax-credits","arcnews_issues-arcnews-winter-2019","arcnews_sections-your-work"],"acf":{"short_description":"To see which buildings might be eligible for redevelopment, the state\u2019s historic preservation office first needed to know where they were.","pdf":{"host_remotely":false,"file":null,"file_url":""},"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Once called \u201cthe machine shop of the world,\u201d Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is still home to thousands of industrial properties, including breweries, factories, warehouses, mills, tanneries, and foundries. Many of these buildings and neighborhoods are potential candidates for listing in the National Register of Historic Places, which qualifies them to receive Historic Tax Credits that encourage redevelopment. But the Wisconsin State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) needed to know where all of Milwaukee\u2019s prospects were.\r\n\r\nSHPO hired the cultural resources team at Mead & Hunt, Inc., to conduct an exhaustive survey of the city\u2019s historic industrial buildings. Both parties knew they would need a GIS-integrated approach. So Mead & Hunt\u2019s team, which included architectural historians and GIS specialists, used ArcGIS to efficiently review and record large numbers of historic resources in the field and then seamlessly transfer that data to SHPO."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":201972,"image_position":"right","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"

Pinpointing Historic Industrial Properties<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nTo provide comprehensive survey coverage, the project team needed to identify industrial properties within Milwaukee\u2019s city limits that were more than 40 years old. But instead of going straight into the field, Mead & Hunt used GIS data from the City of Milwaukee, along with other existing data sources, to first determine the extent of the survey area and then build field survey maps.\r\n\r\nThe objective was to determine the locations of known historic industrial buildings, as well as previously unrecorded properties.\r\n\r\n\u201cGIS analysis of the existing datasets refined and narrowed both the geographic scope and the temporal extent of the data based on project parameters,\u201d said Brauna Hartzell, a GIS analyst at Mead & Hunt.\r\n\r\nTo begin the process, Mead & Hunt obtained the Wisconsin Historic Preservation Database as a shapefile from SHPO, which contains points for previously recorded historic industrial properties throughout Milwaukee. The project team then worked with SHPO to come up with appropriate industrial activity categories\u2014such as \u201ctannery,\u201d \u201cbrewery,\u201d and \u201cmanufacturing\u201d\u2014and mapped all the properties in the database using ArcGIS Desktop. Mead & Hunt ended up with a total of 546 already-recorded properties that fit into these categories.\r\n\r\nNext, Mead & Hunt needed to identify additional industrial buildings that had not yet been documented. Using the City of Milwaukee\u2019s GIS-based parcel data, the project team found all the lots in the city that were zoned for industrial use. The plan was to have surveyors review these parcels in the field to determine if there were any other buildings that fit the survey criteria. This produced more than 1,400 industrial parcels that needed to be added to the survey.\r\n\r\nMead & Hunt overlaid those 1,400 parcels with the 546 previously surveyed features to define the combined survey area. This would enable the project team to pinpoint individual industrial properties and concentrations of industrial buildings that had the potential to be included in the National Register of Historic Places.\r\n\r\nOnce Mead & Hunt identified all the properties that needed to be surveyed, the company\u2019s GIS specialists used Collector for ArcGIS to produce tablet-based maps that included every single property. A point layer containing the previously recorded industrial resources served as the foundation for data collection; surveyors would use it to revisit those properties and confirm that they still existed. A second layer based on the 1,400-feature industrial parcel data would then allow surveyors to track their progress by coding each parcel as \u201cvisited,\u201d \u201cvacant,\u201d or of \u201cnonhistoric age.\u201d\r\n\r\nAlong the way, if surveyors encountered any additional industrial buildings on those parcels, they would be able to use Collector to add new features to the point layer. And the whole survey would be conducted offline so surveyors could compare and check the data before uploading it to ArcGIS Online at the end of each day."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":201982,"image_position":"left","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"\u201cThe [Collector for ArcGIS] app provided the necessary functionality to conduct [this] survey over an extensive area in an offline environment with multiple teams of surveyors,\u201d said Hartzell.\r\n\r\nOnce the survey was complete, all the final data would then be downloaded to ArcGIS Desktop for use in project deliverables.\r\n

Gathering Field Data Digitally<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nMead & Hunt sent four people in teams out into the field with Collector. It took them just 10 days to visit all 1,946 properties that had been flagged for the survey.\r\n\r\nTo discern whether an individual industrial building was a likely candidate for the National Register of Historic Places, the field teams scouted properties that looked exceptionally historic or had interesting architectural features. They also searched for places that appeared to be associated with important Milwaukee manufacturers\u2014including former automobile (and current water heater) manufacturer A. O. Smith; clothing and textile producer Eagle Knitting Mills; and the Allen-Bradley Company, which got its start producing electrical controls. The buildings ranged widely in their industrial use, from manufacturing beer, boots, and steam engines to producing candy, caskets, and straw hats.\r\n\r\nMany potentially significant properties were less obvious, however. Using ArcGIS Desktop, the project team displayed the survey data on a map and symbolized the buildings based on when they were built, the types of industries they were used for, and other attributes. This helped the team see concentrations of historic buildings and identify trends that revealed the context of industrial development throughout Milwaukee. Being able to visualize all this on a map allowed Mead & Hunt to begin identifying potential historic districts.\r\n\r\nUsing Collector for this data-gathering project not only streamlined fieldwork operations, enabling surveyors to track their progress and easily navigate from one industrial parcel to the next, but it also offered several other advantages over traditional pen-and-paper survey methods. For example, developing the survey form in Collector allowed Mead & Hunt to preserve the schema that the Wisconsin Historic Preservation Database uses. This, in turn, enabled SHPO to easily reintegrate the survey records into its own database, eliminating the need to manually enter descriptive data from individual paper forms. Similarly, SHPO was able to obtain property locations without having to digitize each point. With what ended up being more than 900 records in the completed survey, this saved substantial amounts of time and effort.\r\n\r\n\u201cThese new GIS-based survey methods allowed the project team to significantly increase our efficiency and reduce the amount of time needed to prepare for [the] field survey and manage survey data,\u201d said Emily Pettis, a project manager at Mead & Hunt. \u201cThe client was very impressed with our up-to-date progress maps and digital deliverables, including GIS data.\u201d\r\n\r\nBy the end of the survey, the project team had a spreadsheet that could be seamlessly incorporated into the Wisconsin Historic Preservation Database. It also had a point layer containing all the surveyed properties, which SHPO now uses in the interactive map feature embedded in its online database.\r\n

Starting Down the Path of Redevelopment<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nThe results of the survey provide a comprehensive overview of Milwaukee\u2019s industrial heritage. Multiple local developers and nonprofit organizations are already using them to assist in identifying industrial properties that are suitable for redevelopment."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":201992,"image_position":"right","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Through the survey, Mead & Hunt distinguished 39 historic buildings and two historic districts\u2014the Layton Park Industrial Historic District and the West St. Paul Avenue Industrial Historic District\u2014as prospective candidates for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. These properties could undergo significant rehabilitation with help from Historic Tax Credits, which would make it easier for local developers to turn the buildings into apartments, offices, and other commercial entities. In fact, since the Historic Tax Credit program\u2019s inception in 1982, it has reinvested $526 million in Milwaukee\u2019s historic properties\u2014hopefully with more to come.\r\n\r\nLarge-scale survey projects, like the one Mead & Hunt conducted for SHPO, greatly simplify the process of evaluating properties for historic preservation. Employing ArcGIS technology makes the fieldwork more efficient and streamlines the digital deliverables. This not only helps open doors to redevelopment opportunities, but it also enables cities to understand more thoroughly the contexts from which they emerged.\r\n\r\nFor more information about how Mead & Hunt is using ArcGIS solutions to conduct cultural resource surveys, email GIS team lead Sebastian Renfield at sebastian.renfield@meadhunt.com<\/a>."}],"references":null},"yoast_head":"\nMilwaukee\u2019s Industrial Past Is Rediscovered and Redeveloped Using GIS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"To see which buildings might be eligible for redevelopment, the state\u2019s historic preservation office first needed to know where they were.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/arcnews\/milwaukees-industrial-past-is-rediscovered-and-redeveloped-using-gis\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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