{"id":241972,"date":"2019-06-23T23:55:55","date_gmt":"2019-06-24T06:55:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/?post_type=arcnews&p=241972"},"modified":"2019-06-20T12:43:21","modified_gmt":"2019-06-20T19:43:21","slug":"for-automated-maritime-charting-danish-hydrographic-office-turns-to-gis","status":"publish","type":"arcnews","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/arcnews\/for-automated-maritime-charting-danish-hydrographic-office-turns-to-gis","title":{"rendered":"For Automated Maritime Charting, Danish Hydrographic Office Turns to GIS"},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"sync_status":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","castos_file_data":"","podmotor_file_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[260002,991,15412],"tags":[278012,339282,311,20402,278602],"arcnews_issues":[362452],"class_list":["post-241972","arcnews","type-arcnews","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-data-management","category-map-modernization","category-oceans","tag-arcgis-maritime","tag-chart-production","tag-data-driven","tag-hydrography","tag-maritime","arcnews_issues-summer-2019","arcnews_sections-news"],"acf":{"short_description":"Esri is working closely with hydrographic offices around the world to modernize their maritime mapping systems using GIS.","pdf":{"host_remotely":false,"file":"","file_url":""},"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Denmark has challenging seascapes to map and chart. Aside from its 42-mile land border with Germany, the peninsular Northern European country\u2014with its scores of bays, straits, and fjords\u2014is surrounded almost entirely by the North and Baltic Seas. Denmark is also composed of more than 400 islands, including the Faroe Islands, located in the Atlantic Ocean between the United Kingdom and Iceland. And then there\u2019s the Danish territory of Greenland, an 836,000-square-mile Arctic island whose mountains descend precipitously to the sea and whose glaciers release icebergs into labyrinthine straits and fjords.\r\n\r\nDenmark has a rich history of nautical charting that dates back to the seventeenth century, and many of its navigational products for Greenland were created in the 1960s. The information on those charts was good and sufficient for traditional navigation, but when GPS started to gain prominence in shipping in the 1990s and early 2000s, hydrographic offices around the world had to start producing Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs). But Denmark\u2019s existing data\u2014especially farther north, around Greenland\u2014didn\u2019t line up with GPS points or new high-quality multibeam sonar readings. So the hydrographic office at the Danish Geodata Agency (known by its Danish acronym GST) needed to take a different approach."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":241992,"image_position":"right","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"\u201cThough the charts were accurate for the time, we had to georectify old data with new data to produce an update,\u201d said Rune Carbuhn Andersen, head of the Arctic Division at the Danish Hydrographic Office.\r\n\r\nBut the division kept all its nautical data in separate files, and that was difficult to update. Within a few years, the Greenland group at GST turned to Esri to get help with creating a central, enterprise-wide geodatabase for all the data portrayed on both its paper and electronic charts.\r\n\r\n\u201cThe way Esri was thinking\u2014of data and a database structure and, eventually, potential automation\u2014that was, in a sense, unique,\u201d said Andersen.\r\n\r\nFor Greenland, the group implemented what is now called ArcGIS for Maritime: Charting, a complete system for managing and producing maritime data and products. Maritime: Charting stores all the data in Esri\u2019s Nautical Information System (NIS), an enterprise geodatabase, which makes it easier to create data products and incorporate automation.\r\n\r\nDevelopment took a few years, in part because so much decades-old data needed to be cleaned and classified and in part because of substantial internal reorganization at the Danish Hydrographic Office. But the division\u2019s close collaboration with Esri paid off magnificently.\r\n\r\n\u201cAt the end of last year, the Danish Hydrographic Office produced two charts for Greenland that were 70 percent automated,\u201d said Rafael Ponce, the executive consultant for maritime services at Esri. \u201cIt was a huge improvement.\u201d\r\n\r\nThe data modernization project for Greenland was so successful in general that when GST needed a next generation chart production system for all Danish waters, the choice fell again to Maritime: Charting. In February, the agency partnered with Esri and its official distributor in Denmark, Geoinfo A\/S, to implement this project, which focuses on both paper and electronic charting.\r\n\r\n\u201cBy the end of the current project, we expect to have a complete Nautical Information System for all three regions\u2014Greenland, Denmark, and the Faroe Islands,\u201d said Ponce."},{"acf_fc_layout":"quote","image":242062,"text":"We\u2019re trying to help people understand their world; make good decisions from the best available data; and, where possible, identify where we need more data.","author_name":"Guy Noll","author_profession_organization":"Maritime GIS consultant, Esri"},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Having readily accessible data on the world\u2019s oceans, in a system that enables this information to be used to create a range of map products, is important not only for navigation but also for understanding the 71 percent of the globe that isn\u2019t land. The blue economy\u2014a reference to all economic activity that stems from or affects oceans and other waterways\u2014generates an estimated $2.5 trillion each year and is anticipated to grow at twice the rate of the rest of the global economy by 2030.\r\n\r\n\u201cWe\u2019re trying to help people understand their world; make good decisions from the best available data; and, where possible, identify where we need more data,\u201d said Guy Noll, Esri\u2019s maritime GIS consultant.\r\n\r\nWhich is why Esri is working closely with other hydrographic offices\u2014including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u2019s (NOAA) Office of Coast Survey and the Lithuanian Transport Safety Administration\u2019s (LTSA) Hydrography Division, among others\u2014to modernize their maritime mapping systems.\r\n\r\n\u201cThe Esri platform enables the foundational technology needed to develop a marine spatial data infrastructure (MSDI) from which new products and services can be created, transforming traditional hydrographic offices into true geospatial agencies,\u201d said Ponce."},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"

Updated Processes for Greenland Inspire Modernized Methods in Denmark<\/h2>\r\nFor much of GST\u2019s recent history, its hydrographic office has been divided into regions: Danish waters and the Faroe Islands, with Greenland on its own. Each division did its own maritime charting and hydrographic mapping without much overlap.\r\n\r\nIt was during this period that the Greenland group began updating the island\u2019s coastline maps and conflating all its old maritime charts to keep up with the fast pace of modern technology. But data for Greenland was lacking, according to Andersen, and the group was starting from scratch in creating electronic charts, said Ponce. So the team had to establish all new data cataloging routines and come up with its own schemas. Additionally, going from a file-based cartographic production environment to a database-driven environment was challenging."},{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Right","content":"

In Lithuania, an Upgrade in Maritime Capabilities<\/h2>\r\nLithuania\u2019s hydrographic office was Esri\u2019s first international maritime user. The office, which is part of the Lithuanian Transport Safety Administration (LTSA), was an early adopter of Esri\u2019s original nautical chart production system and used it for years.\r\n\r\nIn April, LTSA renewed its partnership with Esri; Hnit-Baltic, Esri\u2019s official distributor in Lithuania; and Quality Position Services (QPS), a subsidiary of Saab, to modernize its nautical charting and bathymetry capabilities. The hydrographic office will implement a new seabed database and nautical cartography system, as well as upgrade the automation of its ENCs and paper charts.\r\n\r\nLTSA will also use Esri\u2019s data management capabilities to share hydrographic information across industry sectors to spur maritime-related economic growth. This will be helpful in approaching the blue economy.\r\n\r\n\u201cBecause the hydrographic office belongs to LTSA, and LTSA uses Esri technology for other transportation needs, such as roads and highways, the platform can cover multiple domains in Lithuania,\u201d said Esri\u2019s Rafael Ponce. \u201cExchanging information from land to sea will be much easier, seamless, and invaluable.\u201d","snippet":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"\u201cSometimes the data was 50, 60, or more years old, coming from different sources\u2014in some cases, it was local data. There were also sparse bathymetries,\u201d or water depth measurements, said Ponce. \u201cBefore creating the central database, the NIS, a lot of work had to be done to just clean and classify the legacy data, which was at different levels of certainty as to how accurate it was, to make it all suitable for producing navigational products.\u201d\r\n\r\nThat instilled a kind of intelligence in the process, said Andersen, because his team now does quality control on the data as it\u2019s being created. At the same time, the group is putting everything into the S-57 data model, originally a data exchange standard from the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) aimed at ensuring that all data in ENCs are properly attributed and encoded to be read by Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS). It is essentially obligatory to use this data model, so updating old products in S-57 will be an ongoing challenge for GST and system suppliers like Esri for years to come as they begin to also implement the new S-100 and S-101 data models currently being developed. And while GST is still devoted to making paper charts, given that they\u2019re used widely by professional mariners, the agency is focused on making ENCs. More importantly, it is operating in an ENC-first manner, which reflects where maritime mapping is headed.\r\n\r\n\u201cWith GST\u2019s data organized around the S-57 standard, the agency can extract a lot of information from it using a combination of geoprocessing tools and Python scripts to automate more and more of the processes associated with making paper charts,\u201d explained Ponce.\r\n\r\nNow, the system that was created for Greenland is going to be expanded to Danish waters and the Faroe Islands. But the implementation will be different.\r\n\r\n\u201cDanish waters already have a full catalog of ENCs, but those ENCs have been maintained as independent files,\u201d said Ponce. \u201cWith the new system, GST is going to produce those in a central database. The improvement will be in streamlining production, bringing all that information into the NIS to create data products more easily and automatically. This will result in GST being able to update its products more frequently.\u201d\r\n\r\nThis could be decisive for Denmark in gaining a foothold in the blue economy. As ocean-based activities\u2014from shipping, tourism, and fishing to offshore mining and renewable energy production\u2014move farther north, being able to produce a variety of maritime mapping products, quickly, will be key.\r\n\r\n\u201cHydrographic offices around the world are facing new challenges in the twenty-first century, and Esri tools are helping them evolve and address those challenges in a better way,\u201d said Ponce."},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"

For US\u2019s Coast Survey, a Change in Focus to Data Itself<\/h2>\r\nNOAA\u2019s Coast Survey, which delivers navigational products and services for the United States\u2019 3.4 million square nautical miles of exclusive economic zones and 95,000 miles of coastline, was the first hydrographic office to turn to Esri for nautical charting. In 2007, Coast Survey\u2019s Marine Chart Division (MCD) began using ArcGIS technology to manage its hydrographic data and facilitate the production of ENCs and paper charts. By 2014, the organization was changing its focus from making cartographic representations of its data to managing the data itself."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":242162,"image_position":"left","orientation":"vertical","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"\u201cAs Coast Survey matured as a GIS organization, staff realized that their workflow wasn\u2019t very efficient,\u201d said Noll. \u201cEsri evolved with the organization and gave it new tools, including Products on Demand in ArcGIS for Maritime: Server, plus Python-scripted geoprocessing tools that allowed it to automate certain parts of its production.\u201d\r\n\r\n\u201cIt\u2019s still an iterative process,\u201d said John E. Nyberg, chief of MCD, \u201cbut we do have all our data in a database now, and we\u2019ve moved to an ENC-first approach.\u201d\r\n\r\nUnlike at GST, however, Coast Survey is hedging away from paper charts\u2014encouraging mariners to use them more as backups\u2014and more toward ENC-first. This is an important shift, given that, as Nyberg puts it, Coast Survey\u2019s charting dataset is a foundational basemap for the blue economy.\r\n\r\n\u201cAs the blue economy grows, there\u2019s a need for everything within it to be working from a common framework, using common data content,\u201d said Noll. \u201cThat\u2019s what Coast Survey and other hydrographic offices like it maintain.\u201d\r\n\r\nThus, commercial ships with ever-improving navigational systems can exploit this data. Recreational boaters, of which there are many in the United States, can use Coast Survey\u2019s ENCs directly or through partner providers. And all users\u2014from professional mariners to anglers in tiny johnboats\u2014can get up-to-date, high-resolution charts.\r\n\r\n\u201cWe\u2019ve moved away from the notion that ENCs and paper charts have to be equal,\u201d said Nyberg.\r\n\r\nAccording to Noll, the fact that Coast Survey has gone ENC-first opens the door to a broader production paradigm.\r\n\r\n\u201cBecause Coast Survey is focusing most of its effort on the data accuracy and quality of the database, and then relying on ArcGIS tools to flag and create new products\u2014soon, automatically\u2014that means it can update its ENCs every week,\u201d he said.\r\n\r\nNyberg hopes that Coast Survey will eventually update its ENCs more often, potentially even as the data is added to the database."}],"references":null},"yoast_head":"\nFor Automated Maritime Charting, Danish Hydrographic Office Turns to GIS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Esri is working closely with hydrographic offices around the world to 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