{"id":707682,"date":"2024-10-29T19:59:23","date_gmt":"2024-10-30T02:59:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/?post_type=arcnews&#038;p=707682"},"modified":"2024-10-28T14:56:23","modified_gmt":"2024-10-28T21:56:23","slug":"documenting-100-years-of-alpine-conservation-through-a-geographic-lens","status":"publish","type":"arcnews","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/arcnews\/documenting-100-years-of-alpine-conservation-through-a-geographic-lens","title":{"rendered":"Documenting 100 Years of Alpine Conservation Through a Geographic Lens"},"author":5752,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"sync_status":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","castos_file_data":"","podmotor_file_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[10432,465131,422802],"tags":[18442,35392,321,279592,371092],"arcnews_issues":[490712],"class_list":["post-707682","arcnews","type-arcnews","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arcgis-enterprise","category-arcgis-field-maps","category-conservation","tag-data-collection","tag-enterprise-gis","tag-parks","tag-preservation","tag-protected-areas","arcnews_issues-fall-2024","arcnews_sections-your-work"],"acf":{"short_description":"At Swiss National Park, an enterprise-wide GIS aids with operations, infrastructure planning, flora and fauna monitoring, and more.","pdf":{"host_remotely":false,"file":"","file_url":""},"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"For more than a century, Swiss National Park (SNP) has upheld a powerful promise to nature\u2014to mostly leave it alone.\r\n\r\nEstablished as a countermeasure to European industrialism in the early 20th century, SNP lets ecosystems exist and evolve in their purest form. Under the protected area management guidelines of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, Switzerland\u2019s sole national park is designated as a \u201cstrict nature reserve.\u201d This rigidly limits human visitation, use, and impacts by requiring visitors to stay on hiking trails and prohibiting camping, off-trail hiking, and hunting."},{"acf_fc_layout":"gallery","gallery_images":[707722,707712]},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Since 1992, staff at SNP have used GIS to manage this pristine protected area. Over the years, SNP\u2019s enterprise-wide GIS has advanced and expanded to include a robust implementation of ArcGIS Enterprise and the use of apps such as ArcGIS Field Maps. This technology aids SNP with operational management, infrastructure planning, data collection and sharing, flora and fauna monitoring, mapping, and analysis. It is key to helping the park achieve its goals of protecting natural processes, fostering scientific research, and educating the public.\r\n\r\n\u201cGIS supports all of these pillars,\u201d said SNP director Dr. Ruedi Haller, who began his career at SNP in 1997 as a GIS specialist. \u201cAll park information is spatially related in some way.\u201d"},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h2>A Haven for Research and Data Collection<\/h2>\r\nSNP\u2019s wilderness offers ideal research conditions for park researchers and those from outside institutes. The national park serves as an open-air laboratory where scientists can study alpine plants and environments with minimal human interference. Over the past four decades, the SNP GIS team has accumulated more than 1.5 petabytes of data that encompasses thousands of individual datasets.\r\n\r\nAbout 2,000 records are now stored in the public-facing SNP Data Center, including vector and raster GIS layers, satellite imagery, drone-captured orthophotos, analog maps, and other data related to the park. Interested parties can access the metadata of these GIS datasets by browsing categories such as projects and long-term monitoring information or by searching for specific topics including the environment or biota. The data center also offers geographic context and data to assist with spatial planning and park management in Switzerland\u2019s 19 regional parks, which make up 14 percent of the country\u2019s land area.\r\n\r\nThe most common way to find information on SNP\u2019s geodatabase is to perform a keyword search. For instance, if a user searches for the words \u201cdrone\u201d and \u201cCluozza\u201d\u2014the oldest and wildest valley in SNP\u2014the database yields 10 results: images from drone flights taken over the valley between 2017 and 2023.\r\n\r\nAmassing this wealth of information has taken decades, but new geospatial tools have made the process of gathering data more accurate and accessible. SNP rangers and researchers now use Field Maps, for example, to streamline data collection. With preconfigured digital maps and forms, mobile workers can easily locate and capture information on topics such as morphological changes happening in the area and park signs that need to be repaired."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":707732,"image_position":"left","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h2>Making Robust Data Available in the Field<\/h2>\r\nSince internet connectivity in the park is sparse and data collection is often done offline, the GIS team used an Esri vector tile package to develop a custom SNP basemap. Field staff can save this robust, dynamic digital map to their smartphones before entering disconnected areas and then use Field Maps to collect and edit information no matter where they are.\r\n\r\nDr. Samuel Wiesmann, head of GIS and information communication technology at SNP, emphasizes the value of visualizing data on a map. \u201cIf you can show it on a map,\u201d he said, \u201cit brings the data together and makes it much easier to understand.\u201d"},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"With Field Maps, users have all the data they need to conduct planning, analysis, and discussions in the field\u2014regardless of their expertise in GIS, geography, or biology. This has greatly enhanced communication and collaboration between office and field staff at SNP, since they all have access to the same, consistently updated data.\r\n\r\nFor instance, when tracking the growth stages of plants\u2014such as leaf sprouting or flower blooming\u2014it is now clear which plants have been documented and which plants still need to be observed. Additionally, SNP staff have an easier time managing the more than 600 signs posted throughout the park, since each sign\u2019s status is visible to all stakeholders at any given moment.\r\n\r\nAnother notable application of Field Maps at SNP was its use in defining the remediation perimeter of the River Sp\u00f6l, a Swiss and Italian waterway that\u2019s been affected by polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination. In Field Maps, a blue line showed the maximum height of a hydrologically simulated flood, while a purple-and-white dashed line indicated a possible remediation perimeter based on orthophoto analysis.\r\n\r\nThe SNP team and the engineers overseeing the remediation project were able to visually compare the two proposed boundaries in Field Maps with conditions on the ground. SNP employees also used the app while on-site to quickly record all the descriptions, explanations, and decisions related to the boundaries. This enabled the SNP employees and engineers to jointly define the river\u2019s remediation perimeter, which is represented in Field Maps using a yellow line.\r\n\r\n\u201cBefore [using Field Maps], rangers brought back paper reports that had to be digitized,\u201d Haller said. \u201cYou had to make sure there was no error in it.\u2026 There was uncertainty. The precision has improved a lot with these modern applications.\u201d"},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":707742,"image_position":"right","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h2>Historical Records Enable Keen Observations of Natural Processes<\/h2>\r\nObservation areas were established in the national park as early as 1917, giving researchers and SNP staff access to an astonishing cache of historical records. Manually logged data, such as insight on red deer and ibexes from the 1920s and aerial photographs from the 1940s, assist in current observations of natural phenomena. SNP staff have converted analog historical records into digital spatial datasets for easier visualization and analysis within ArcGIS."},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Haller and Wiesmann have prioritized observing and recording the natural processes in SNP to gain a deeper understanding of the origins and effects of these phenomena. The national park is preparing to hold an exhibition at its visitor\u2019s center in 2025 to showcase how the landscape has changed since the area became protected.\r\n\r\nIn preparation, SNP staff members have curated a collection of photographs of the park from the 20th century, focusing on the 1920s and 1930s, and identified their corresponding locations. Wiesmann and his GIS team mapped these locations and created data collection forms to assist field teams as they capture modern-day comparison photos. Equipped with Field Maps, park rangers can locate the area in question and view the original photo and its metadata so that they can accurately position their cameras to take a matching photograph.\r\n\r\n\u201cField Maps has helped us with planning,\u201d said Wiesmann. \u201cWhen we have four or five people involved in this work, it helps to have such a tool on a web map or a dashboard.\u2026 We can see where somebody has been and if a photo needs to be redone.\u201d\r\n\r\nWiesmann and Haller want these photos to tell stories. Seeing the progression of a tree line, for instance, adds to a larger narrative\u2014one of restoring nature.\r\n\r\n\u201cWe are on the way to a wilderness area back from a cultural area,\u201d said Haller."},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h2>A Digital Guide for Visitor Education<\/h2>\r\nSNP is closed to the public for seven months out of the year, but between May and October each year, more than 100,000 visitors explore the park. Hikers and adventurers of all ages can use the Swiss National Park app to enrich their experience."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":707752,"image_position":"left","orientation":"vertical","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"The app has evolved significantly since the first iteration was released almost 20 years ago.\r\n\r\n\u201cWe launched the first public-facing version in 2005,\u201d Haller said.\r\n\r\nHis team\u2019s forward-thinking, location-based service steadily evolved into the dynamic, mobile app that\u2019s available today. The app integrates Esri vector tile basemaps using ArcGIS Runtime SDK for iOS and ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android. It offers a range of functionalities, such as comprehensive hiking route descriptions and altitude profiles, labeled points of interest, details about wildlife, and panoramic views of the park\u2019s most breathtaking regions.\r\n\r\nSome features are designed to delight and engage SNP\u2019s youngest visitors as well. Along the Champl\u00f6nch children\u2019s trail, for example, hikers can pair the app with a special booklet to receive audio recordings at 10 different points of interest. Animated characters appear in the app to share stories about nature. For instance, a red deer explains in an audio recording what it does to combat the heat in the summer and what conflicts animals have with each other.\r\n\r\nSNP also hosts an annual summer camp, offering young students an immersive experience in the park. Camp participants get to experiment with GIS-based apps and tools and learn how maps and analysis assist in managing park projects. Connecting with young audiences helps SNP staff ensure that future generations appreciate the importance of protected areas.\r\n\r\nAs SNP continues to prioritize conservation, research, and education, GIS will remain a vital component for documenting and preserving the alpine ecosystem for years to come.\r\n\r\n\u201cThat\u2019s one of the good things about GIS,\u201d said Haller. \u201cIf you store [and visualize] your spatially related data, you can have a long-term history of everything.\u201d"}],"references":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Documenting 100 Years of Alpine Conservation Through a Geographic Lens | Fall 2024 | ArcNews<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"At Swiss National Park, an enterprise-wide GIS aids with operations, infrastructure planning, flora and fauna monitoring, and more.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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