{"id":10871,"date":"2017-09-08T07:26:42","date_gmt":"2017-09-08T14:26:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=10871"},"modified":"2025-05-08T19:44:46","modified_gmt":"2025-05-09T02:44:46","slug":"geodesign-pioneer-on-problem-solving","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/geodesign-pioneer-on-problem-solving","title":{"rendered":"Profiling Bill Miller: On Geodesign and Problem Solving"},"author":671,"featured_media":11071,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"sync_status":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","castos_file_data":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[421],"tags":[1401,1411,441,1141],"industry":[],"esri-blog-category":[478442,478452],"esri_blog_department":[492402],"class_list":["post-10871","blog","type-blog","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-profile","tag-career-retrospective","tag-definition-of-design","tag-geodesign","tag-geoplanner","esri-blog-category-education","esri-blog-category-smart-planning","esri_blog_department-urban-planning"],"acf":{"video_source":"","video_start":"","video_stop":"","short_description":"Bill Miller, a pioneer in the concept of geodesign, feels strongly about the broad context of its application.","pdf":{"host_remotely":false,"file":"","file_url":""},"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Right","content":"<strong>Profile of a pioneer: infusing love in design<\/strong>\r\n\r\nKey takeaways\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Good design embodies love.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>When a design is perfect, the physical form disappears and the user experiences total facilitation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Geodesign is much broader than planning.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","snippet":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"When Bill Miller, one of the early advocates of geodesign, wanted to get his students attention, he would say, \u201cLet\u2019s talk about making love.\u201d\r\n\r\nHe wasn\u2019t referring to romantic love of course (leaving some of his students a bit disappointed) but to that nitty-gritty kind of love that makes a difference in people\u2019s lives\u2026 the kind of love that facilitates life. It\u2019s an attitude of wanting to work hard on something. You infuse something with skill and passion, and see it as a gift.\r\n\r\nMaking this kind of nitty-gritty love is the passion point in Miller\u2019s philosophy of design.\r\n<h3><strong>Defining Design<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nMiller defines design as the \u201cthought process comprising the creation of an entity.\u201d He goes on to clarify that an entity can be anything: an object, an event, a concept or even a relationship. After discussing this with his students he asks the questions: \u201cWhat\u2019s missing?\u201d and \u201cHow do we know if a design is good or bad?\u201d\r\n\r\nFor Miller, the design ethic (how we know if a design is good or bad) comes not from the definition of design but rather from the purpose of design. In Miller\u2019s mind, the purpose of design is always the same: \u201cThe purpose of design is to facilitate life.\u201d This yields a simple ethos: If a design facilitates life it\u2019s good. If it inhibits life it\u2019s bad. If it does neither it\u2019s neutral.\r\n\r\nThis simplicity, however, can be misleading as one considers such things as who\u2019s life, what aspects of life, which species, over what time span, and so forth. Exploring the depth and breadth of these considerations can serve to morph the simplicity of this ethos into a complex array of values, leading Miller and his students into a lengthy discussion.\r\n\r\nAt the conclusion of this discussion, he presents his students with the questions, \u201cIsn\u2019t this purpose of design \u2018<em>to facilitate life<\/em>\u2019 also a good operational definition of love?\u201d and \u201cWhen you love someone, don\u2019t you have a desire to facilitate their life?\u201d\r\n\r\nTherefore, if the purpose of design is <em>to facilitate life<\/em>, which is also a good operational definition of love, the designer is a love maker, and the love the designer makes is embodied in the entities they design."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":10961,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h3><strong>Experiencing Love<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nMiller relates an incident when a large rock hit the windshield of his truck as he was speeding down a country road. Fortunately, the safety feature of his windshield contained the glass fragments and he was unharmed. After he caught his breath, he realized he had a lot of designers to thank. Thanks went to those who conceived of safety glass, those who researched and validated the idea, those who engineered and manufactured it, those who lobbied Congress, and those who made it law and mandated that it be placed in every vehicle in America. They had collectively saved his life. In other words, the nitty-gritty love they created got instantiated in the windshield of this truck and he quite literally experienced that love when the rock struck his windshield.\r\n\r\nMiller goes on to say, that when a design is perfect the physical form of that design disappears and what the user gets is total facilitation.\r\n\r\n\u201cFacilitation occurs when the entity is designed to <em>give<\/em> attention to what the user wishes to accomplish,\u201d says Miller. \u201cAs opposed to <em>get<\/em> attention and distract the user from what they wish to accomplish, which is often the case.\u201d\r\n\r\nMiller\u2019s ideas about design do not come from scholarly research or even from the ideas of others but rather from his own experience as a designer. Miller has worked in many fields, including architecture, structural engineering, industrial design, environmental planning, geographic information systems, systems engineering, computer programming, research, and education.\r\n\r\nThe underlying thread connecting his experiences in each of these fields has been the realization that \"design\" is not a profession but rather a concept that underlies all aspects of life. It represents a way of thinking coupled with an understanding that, in some ways, we are all designers responsible for influencing the projects and people that move in and out of our lives."},{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Center","content":"<h2><strong>Studying and Applying Geodesign Across Disciplines and Continents<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nMiller studied architectural engineering at California State Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly), followed by graduate studies in structures and operations research at the University of California, Berkeley.\r\n\r\nFollowing his graduation from Cal Poly he worked in San Francisco for the firm of Stefan J. Medwadowski, Consulting Structural Engineers (1965 to 1968), on many projects, including the Stanford Sports Pavilion, the Auditorium\/Theater Complex at UC Berkeley, and served as the project engineer for Alvar Aalto\u2019s Library at Mount Angel Abby in Mount Angel, Oregon.\r\n\r\nHe later worked for Albert C. Martin and Associates in Los Angeles (1968 to 1971) where he developed software and techniques for 3D visualization, automated space planning, and the simulation of movement systems. In 1971, he co-founded Design Methods (1971 to 1975), an early competitor of Esri, to focus on the development of computer applications in planning, architecture, and engineering. His projects included the development of an open space plan for Sonoma County, a transmission route selection study for PG&amp;E, and numerous space planning studies for Charles Luckman\u2019s office.\r\n\r\nHe later joined Dames and Moore International (1975 to 1978) where he served as the head of their Systems Engineering Group, spending time in their offices in Los Angeles and London, working on a variety of computer mapping projects in the United States, Africa, Europe and the Middle-East.","snippet":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h3><strong>Factory-Built Housing<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nWhile working in London, Miller received a call from Jack Dangermond asking if he would be willing to take on the design of a housing system for Matsushita Industries in Japan. Dangermond had been working on planning projects for Matsushita and was asked if he could design a factory-built house for them. Dangermond accepted the offer and turned to Miller to lead the project.\r\n\r\nMiller took it on and ended up designing the first factory-built 2x4 house in Japan. The house was assembled on site in 7\u00bd hours. He went on to found Shelter Research Institute (1979 to 1989) where he continued to work with Dangermond on a variety of projects, including the development of the first energy-producing house in Japan (1978), the Pana-wood housing system, and numerous technology assessment studies, including studies related to the development of electric cars and electronic work surfaces.\r\n\r\nWhile leading Shelter Research, he designed housing systems for many clients. Homes designed for the Robert L. Propst Foundation used movable partitions for interior and exterior walls. Homes designed for General Electric \u2013 Plastics featured industrial-grade plastics. He also served as a design consultant to the Weyerhaeuser Corporation."},{"acf_fc_layout":"quote","image":10911,"text":"I view geodesign as encompassing everything on, below, and above the surface of the Earth that supports life. The planet\u2019s geo-scape.","author_name":"Bill Miller","author_profession_organization":"Geodesign pioneer"},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h3><strong>Time to Train<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nDangermond asked Miller to join Esri in 1989. He served officially as the Director of Educational services for 15 years\u2014re-engineering Esri\u2019s training program, initiating Esri Press, and developing Esri\u2019s virtual campus\u2014while also leading several product development efforts.\r\n\r\nMiller led development of ModelBuilder, a visual programming language for building geoprocessing models to automate and document spatial analysis and data management processes. He led the development of ArcSketch, and the subsequent formation of Esri\u2019s geodesign agenda. As director of Esri\u2019s Geodesign Group (2004 to 2015) he led the development of GeoPlanner, Esri\u2019s web-based tool for doing collaborative geodesign. He was also instrumental in initiating the Geodesign Summit, Esri\u2019s vehicle for spreading the word and ideas to the world.\r\n\r\nDuring this time, he also taught environmental planning at the University of Redlands and established the Center for Environmental Management, which became the Redlands Institute."},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h3><strong>Never Retiring<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nMiller, now retired (sort of), continues to push geodesign with the goal of increasing our understanding regarding the full potential of geodesign. He\u2019s a strong believer in the holistic nature of geodesign and laments the fact that much of the geodesign agenda has been hijacked by regional planners.\r\n\r\n\u201cI\u2019m not against the use of geodesign by regional planners but they do most of their work in two-dimensional space,\u201d says Miller. \u201cI view geodesign as encompassing everything on, below, and above the surface of the Earth that supports life. The planet\u2019s geo-scape.\u201d\r\n\r\nThe idea of geodesign applied within this broader context yields a much larger application domain, including the potential resolution of global problems, such as global warming, or even the resolution of geo-political conflict. It starts with a question about what the design hopes to improve. Next comes compiling geographic knowledge about a place down to the functions of the natural systems and the patterns of human interaction. Then a careful analysis of what might be altered and what difference the changes cause. Finally, it\u2019s a close study of what should be changed, with careful planning of both how and when.\r\n\r\nMiller challenges us to embrace this larger view of geodesign and encourages educators to go beyond the two-dimensional domain of regional planning. The broader application potential of geodesign exceeds the traditional boundaries of urban and regional planning.\r\n\r\n\u201cI always go back to Buckminster Fuller when I think of the role and responsibility of the geodesigner,\u201d says Miller. \u201cFuller said, \u2018we have but one spaceship-earth, we need to take care of it.\u2019\u201d\r\n\r\nKeeping this view in mind is important for the geodesigner who must invent objects, events, concepts and relationships that facilitate life at all scales. This encompasses the life of individuals and communities, those residing beyond our borders, those belonging to future generations, as well as the very life of the planet.\r\n\r\nDuring Miller\u2019s last conversation with his father, just days before he died, he asked him if they should design and build a few more buildings. This was a somewhat playful question given that Miller is an architect and his father was a carpenter. His father, who could barely speak, replied, \u201cNo, we have enough buildings. What we need is more love.\u201d"},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<em>Read more about Bill Miller\u2019s thoughts on Geodesign in, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/library\/whitepapers\/pdfs\/introducing-geodesign.pdf\">Introducing Geodesign: The Concept.<\/a>\u201d<\/em>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>A gallery of Bill Miller's designs<\/strong>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":10931,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":11301,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":10951,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":10971,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":10981,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":11311,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":11321,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":11011,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""}],"references":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO 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