{"id":452322,"date":"2021-08-31T07:07:16","date_gmt":"2021-08-31T14:07:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=452322"},"modified":"2024-05-10T14:26:56","modified_gmt":"2024-05-10T21:26:56","slug":"canadian-scientists-map-biodiversity-human-footprint","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/canadian-scientists-map-biodiversity-human-footprint","title":{"rendered":"Canadian Scientists Collaborate to Map Biodiversity and the Human Footprint"},"author":6082,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"sync_status":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","castos_file_data":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[422802],"tags":[1301,287902,157952,138062],"industry":[],"esri-blog-category":[478432],"esri_blog_department":[478222],"class_list":["post-452322","blog","type-blog","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-conservation","tag-biodiversity","tag-development","tag-environment","tag-science","esri-blog-category-biodiversity","esri_blog_department-conservation-and-environment"],"acf":{"video_source":"","video_start":"","video_stop":"","short_description":"The wall-to-wall biodiversity and human footprint inventory are unique datasets found only at the Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute.","pdf":{"host_remotely":false,"file":"","file_url":""},"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Right","content":"With the support of the Alberta Ministry of Environment and Parks (AEP), the Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute (ABMI) has become the trusted source for data about habitat, species, and the human footprint.\r\n\r\n<strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>At ABMI, technologists record and map the location of species in the province.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ABMI leverages ArcGIS across their organization to conduct their rigorous human footprint mapping and analysis<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Understanding the footprint of human activities allows stakeholders to ask important questions about how best to manage the land.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","snippet":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Every year, the Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute (ABMI) sends more than 60 field technologists across the province in a massive effort to collect samples of biodiversity. They measure habitat characteristics at monitoring locations from a province wide grid of 1,656 randomly selected sites.\r\n\r\nFor more than a decade, this unique undertaking has involved ABMI field and laboratory staff entering data into a geographic information system (GIS) about the characteristics of habitats and species of plants and animals found. This is a large inventory, mapping, and monitoring effort that many governments have talked about, but few have been able to build. Thanks to the long-term commitment of the Government of Alberta and a consortium of scientists, knowledge of biodiversity and impacts continue to grow."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":456722,"image_position":"right","orientation":"vertical","hyperlink":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/app\/uploads\/2021\/08\/RoadsResidentialAreas_FINAL_1200.jpg"},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"ABMI\u2019s appetite for data is omnivorous, encompassing everything from soil microbes to apex predators. ABMI equips its field technicians with mobile devices and trains them in scientific sampling methods and backcountry skills. The months-long field deployment may involve daily commutes by helicopter to get to the remote areas where samples are needed.\r\n\r\nSince its inception in 2007, ABMI has captured measurements in all the different ecosystems across the province of Alberta, from the grasslands in the south to the boreal forests in the north. ABMI collects data on a range of species (plants, animals, birds, and more) and maintains records on more than 3,000 species. More than 1 million specimens have been processed, yielding discoveries of several species new to science.\r\n\r\nThe resultant data is used in a variety of ways including to formulate regional and subregional plans, evaluate development impacts, and fine-tune sustainable practices. It\u2019s also been used by local governments to guide urban expansion.\r\n<h3><strong>Collecting the Facts to Mark Change<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nABMI is a scientific partnership between InnoTech Alberta, the University of Alberta, and the University of Calgary. The biodiversity work had been under way for seven years when funding came from the Alberta Ministry of Environment and Parks (AEP) to establish the Alberta Human Footprint Monitoring Program (AHFMP). The program is a joint effort between AEP and ABMI to map and monitor land transformation and assess the impact of human development over time.\r\n\r\n\u201cThere was a lot of discussion early on about how we brand the initiative,\u201d said Jim Herbers, executive director of ABMI. \u201cWords like human disturbance would automatically alienate half the people we want to work with. So, we landed on the term human footprint. It talks about the activity, the changes to the landscape, in a value-neutral way that is inclusive.\u201d"},{"acf_fc_layout":"gallery","gallery_images":[452432,452422,452412]},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"There are sensitivities in Alberta\u2014as anywhere\u2014about capturing the facts and not coloring them with a bias that favors or disfavors any one industry or people, including Indigenous groups.\r\n\r\n\u201cWe need to understand everything that\u2019s happening on the land surface, from natural dynamics to land-use-driven changes,\u201d said Jahan Kariyeva, director of the\u00a0Geospatial Centre at ABMI. \u201cAlthough we're not making or proposing land-use decisions, we use the data to assess how the habitat has changed.\u201d\r\n\r\nIncluding the human footprint in ABMI\u2019s province-wide monitoring efforts meant adding data in GIS that denote human activity\u2014reservoirs, roads, railways, mining, timber harvesting, oil and gas, and industrial sites. Prior to AHFMP\u2019s creation, the human footprint was only captured for project sites and a few study areas. There was also a lack of sustained monitoring and standardization regarding what constitutes the human footprint.\r\n<h3><strong>Fit for All Purposes<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nFrom the oil and gas sector, AHFMP has gathered the footprint of over 350,000 well pads and 308,000 kilometers of pipeline corridors. Users of ABMI data can examine these features to gain an unbiased picture of how humans have changed the land over time. The data supports all questions and eliminates the more nuanced record keeping of different domains, such as how a forest access road might be recorded. In the AHFMP database, evidence of the road will always remain even if it is now unused and overgrown.\r\n\r\n\u201cWe work with stakeholders to see if we can incorporate their data,\u201d Kariyeva said. \u201cIf it's not possible or feasible, we reach out to subject matter experts to verify and validate our work.\u201d"},{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Center","content":"<h2><strong>A Compelling Example of Mutualism<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nIn the quest to understand the health of ecosystems, lichens play a particularly helpful role because they can live for decades but are sensitive to minor environmental changes. Because they derive nutrients mainly from the atmosphere rather than soil, their presence provides a bio-indicator for climate, air quality, and pollution. Their slow and regular growth rate can also be used to date events.\r\n\r\nOften overlooked yet found nearly everywhere, <a href=\"http:\/\/blog.abmi.ca\/2021\/06\/28\/explore-the-wondrous-world-of-albertas-lichens\/\">lichens represent a remarkable mutualism<\/a>\u2014a case of two or more species having a positive effect on each other. In lichens, an alga photosynthesizes sugars for food, and a fungus provides hardened protection to weather the elements. This symbiosis gives the fungus and alga the ability to live where neither could live alone.\r\n\r\nThe ability of lichens to detect pollution and change is helpful to the Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute's (ABMI) work, which seeks to answer questions about the health of Alberta\u2019s living resources and the ecological responses to human actions in the province.\r\n\r\nUnder the microscope, researchers look at lichens to provide an indicator of change and human impact. ABMI captures this input\u2014and all other scales of monitoring\u2014in GIS to create a macro view of change across the province.\r\n\r\nIn a way, ABMI\u2019s data represents a kind of mutualism\u2014its data is the food that science, government, and advocacy groups feed on, and all get to new ground thanks to collaboration.","snippet":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"ABMI makes the data available for free in multiple formats to be explored and queried by domain experts, policy makers, and anyone interested. For everything it records, ABMI provides the <a href=\"https:\/\/abmi.ca\/home\/data-analytics\/da-top\/da-product-overview\/Species-Habitat-Data.html?scroll=true\">raw data<\/a> that anyone can search and download by species and habitat.\r\n\r\nIn addition to data of what\u2019s <em>on<\/em> the land, ABMI has developed a number of province-wide data products <em>about<\/em> the land that can be explored using GIS. This includes map layers about soil and climate and a recently completed wetland inventory.\r\n\r\n\u201cABMI and Ducks Unlimited Canada developed a partnership and recently invited Alberta Environment and Parks to join us,\u201d Kariyeva said. \u201cTogether, we all work toward one single wetland inventory that supports everybody\u2019s needs.\u201d"},{"acf_fc_layout":"gallery","gallery_images":[452442,452462,452482,452472,452452]},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h3><strong>Classifying Location Data to Ask Questions<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nABMI works to turn its data into knowledge through products like the <a href=\"https:\/\/abmi.ca\/home\/publications\/501-550\/501\"><em>Status of Human Footprint in Alberta<\/em><\/a>\u00a0report. The data supports queries about the impacts of different industries on different types and classes of species. It\u2019s also used to perform cumulative impact assessments for specific industries.\r\n\r\nA <a href=\"https:\/\/abmi.ca\/home\/projects\/applied-research-projects\/beef-and-biodiversity.html\">recent project<\/a> assessed the impact of beef production on biodiversity in Alberta. Other projects take longer, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/cmu.abmi.ca\/\">monitoring caribou<\/a> and rare animals in Alberta\u2019s boreal forest. In the ecological recovery realm, ABMI assesses regeneration of disturbed areas to understand how quickly the forest recovers after disturbance.\r\n\r\nThe data helps to answer many questions about human activity or to isolate and remove human activity to better understand natural processes and disruptions. ABMI\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abmi.ca\/home\/data-analytics\/da-top\/da-product-overview\/GIS-Biodiversity-Data\/Intactness.html\">Biodiversity Intactness Index<\/a> does just that: it compares the concentrations of species across regions to predict the abundance of species if there was zero human footprint.\r\n\r\nIn a recent development, the data may inform several subregional plans that involve broad stakeholders, including industry and Indigenous groups. The effort involves gathering more granular data about the human footprint.\r\n\r\nThrough the ABMI effort, and the partnerships across multiple stakeholders, Albertans have gained the ability to answer questions about biodiversity and how the human footprint has affected the surroundings.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nRead more about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/en-us\/industries\/conservation\/overview\">preserving biodiversity with GIS<\/a>."},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":456732,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/app\/uploads\/2021\/08\/CalgaryBanffCorridor_FINAL_1200.jpg"},{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Center","content":"<h1>The Alberta Human Footprint Monitoring Program<\/h1>\r\nThe Alberta Human Footprint Monitoring Program (AHFMP) was established by the Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute (ABMI) in 2014 to improve the spatial and attribute accuracy of human footprint data based on input from various government and nongovernment organizations and advice from subject matter experts (SME). The target of the AHFMP is to improve the accuracy and attribution of ABMI\u2019s Alberta-wide Human Footprint Inventory (HFI) and the associated sublayers produced by ABMI since 2007. The AHFMP\u2019s goal is to create a value-neutral, scientifically defensible human footprint dataset covering the entire province.\r\n\r\nOne of the original concerns surrounding the human footprint in Alberta was that many stakeholders were creating and maintaining footprint layers independently of each other. This in turn allowed for variation in footprint capture and attribution methods and inadvertently created inconsistencies. It soon became evident that there was a pressing need to create a single value-neutral, accurate, and consistent provincial footprint dataset. ABMI and the Geographic Science Team (GScT) at Alberta Environment and Parks joined forces under the AHFMP to create a one-stop open-source provincial footprint data layer that would serve multiple stakeholders.\r\n\r\n\u201cThe AHFMP represents a great opportunity to\u00a0engage and partner with a diverse group of subject matter experts to monitor land use in Alberta to support natural resource managers and planners, public policy decision-making, and research questions aimed to understand human footprint impacts,\u201d Kariyeva said.\r\n\r\nThe backbone of the AHFMP is the Technical Committee, which is cochaired by ABMI (Jahan Kariyeva) and the GScT (Don Page and Tom Churchill). The Technical Committee creates and maintains the sublayers within the HFI, with ABMI capturing most of the data. Though the GScT has created several HFI sublayers, its main role is to guide the data collection and attribution based on input from the SMEs.\r\n\r\nGScT members have a combined 40 years of experience in footprint data collection and analysis for various projects. Though as Don Page,GIS analyst with GScT states, \u201cLand use in Alberta is complex, and it is very easy to incorrectly identify features. For example, we used to assume in our analysis that all straight lines were seismic lines that oil and gas companies cut through the forest to assess oil reserves. However, as we started to work with SMEs such as the Canadian Association of Geophysical Contractors (CAGC) and began to investigate the data more closely, we realized we were wrong. There are numerous features such as drainage lines, survey lines, gravel exploration lines, and even windrows from land clearing \u00a0that we previously classified as seismic lines.\u201d\r\n\r\nThe AHFMP began a project in early 2020 to review all three million features within the cutline trail feature class and to identify what the lines are. This includes trying to differentiate the older legacy seismic lines from the new low-impact seismic technique that constructs a meandering line around larger trees while also breaking the line of sight that favors predators. This joint data review project highlights the collaborative spirit within the AHFMP and the massive volumes of data and human footprint features the team sifts through.\r\n\r\nThe other challenge facing the AHFMP is providing context to the data that is collected. The AHFMP tries to define features based on industry standards to avoid misrepresenting the data or causing confusion. As Page states, \u201cWords matter, and we have to be very precise on our terminology. We are not experts on any of the footprint features mapped and have to rely on the SMEs to guide us on terminology. However, we\u2019ve only looked at a few sublayers associated with the oil and gas industry so far, and we have a long way to go.\u201d\r\n\r\n\u201cDon Page and I have both been involved in the footprint business for many years starting in 2002 on the Northeast Slopes modeling footprint team. Now we are working on the same team once again and feel our knowledge and experience have come full circle with the AHFMP,\u201d Churchill said.","snippet":""}],"references":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Canadian Scientists Collaborate to Map Biodiversity and the Human Footprint<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The wall-to-wall biodiversity and human footprint inventory are unique datasets found only at the Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/canadian-scientists-map-biodiversity-human-footprint\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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