{"id":767938,"date":"2025-09-09T05:24:09","date_gmt":"2025-09-09T12:24:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=767938"},"modified":"2025-09-08T14:23:18","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T21:23:18","slug":"mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities","title":{"rendered":"US Water, Power, and Emergency Systems Are Vulnerable; Advanced Maps Show Where"},"author":671,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"sync_status":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","castos_file_data":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[493144,490102,493145,170182],"industry":[],"esri-blog-category":[478472,482042],"esri_blog_department":[478242,478212],"class_list":["post-767938","blog","type-blog","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-esri-insider","tag-critical-infrastructure","tag-homeland-security","tag-mitre","tag-risk","esri-blog-category-resilience","esri-blog-category-security","esri_blog_department-public-safety","esri_blog_department-resilience"],"acf":{"video_source":"","video_start":"","video_stop":"","short_description":"MITRE is building a national mapping system to reveal where America's critical infrastructure connections create dangerous vulnerabilities.","pdf":{"host_remotely":false,"file":"","file_url":""},"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Right","content":"MITRE Corporation is developing \"Project Homeland,\" an ambitious national mapping initiative that uses advanced GIS technology to visualize how America's critical infrastructure systems are interconnected, revealing vulnerabilities that could trigger cascading failures during natural disasters or cyber-attacks.\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Traditional approaches to infrastructure protection miss what a\u00a0knowledge graph reveals, showing dangerous interdependencies in\u00a0highly connected data.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>MITRE\u2019s position as a research center allows it to serve as a trusted intermediary with government agencies and private companies.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Local knowledge contributes to national understanding of infrastructure risks.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","snippet":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When Hurricane Beryl slammed into Houston in summer 2024, it didn\u2019t just knock out power lines\u2014it exposed the intricate web of dependencies that keep modern life running. Hospitals lost backup power when fuel trucks couldn\u2019t navigate flooded roads. Water treatment plants went offline when electrical substations failed. Cell towers went dark, cutting off emergency communications when people needed them most.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is the scenario that keeps Alex Philp awake at night. As MITRE\u2019s senior principal scientist, Philp has spent four years working to understand how America\u2019s critical infrastructure systems are interconnected and where they\u2019re most vulnerable.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe\u2019re more at risk today than we were in 2001,\u201d said Philp, who has spent much of his career working on infrastructure vulnerability assessments. \u201cThe question is, with less money, how do we reduce the greatest amount of risk?\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MITRE, a nonprofit that operates six federally funded research and development centers, has been solving the nation\u2019s hardest technical problems since 1958. It\u2019s now taking on one of its most ambitious challenges yet: building a national map of the complex\u2014and interdependent\u2014relationships between America\u2019s critical systems in unprecedented detail.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cNot everything is equal\u2014not every pipe, not every bridge, not every cyber vulnerability,\u201d Philp said. \u201cThat\u2019s what we\u2019re trying to show.\u201d<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>From Extreme Weather to Environmental Crisis<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The mapping project, known internally at MITRE as Project Homeland, emerged from MITRE\u2019s environmental analysis program. For three years, the MITRE environmental analysis team studied large-scale chronic problems like extreme heat and water scarcity, trying to understand the effects across government and private industry.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe\u2019re basically looking at the impact of extreme weather events against complex systems,\u201d Philp said. The team focused on particularly challenging scenarios: stalled weather fronts that, he noted, are \u201cincredibly hard to predict and forecast\u201d but can trigger devastating flooding across multiple states.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Working alongside principal computer scientist Ryan Hollins, the team members began developing prototypes. They used Esri\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/en-us\/arcgis\/products\/arcgis-knowledge\/overview\">ArcGIS Knowledge<\/a>, spatial knowledge graph software designed for advanced analytics and rapid pattern detection, to interrogate infrastructure asset data.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe needed to know how they\u2019re connected,\u201d said Hollins, who led the effort. \u201cHospitals are connected to power and water, and we can use these graphs to answer questions about what depends on what.\u201d<\/p>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"gallery","gallery_images":[767946,767942,767943,767945]},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MITRE worked with Amy Clarke, a senior solution engineer on Esri\u2019s ArcGIS Knowledge team, who offered feedback and guidance on the project. \u201cSpatial analysis can reveal implicit relationships,\u201d Clarke said. \u201cIt's important to choose a graph data model based on what analytic questions you want to answer with what data you have, and\u00a0sometimes spatial relationships are the key to understanding dependencies in a network. Once we have these relationships, graph analytics tools like centrality can easily identify the most important nodes in the network.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What emerged was something unprecedented: a spatial knowledge graph that could power dynamic visualizations showing exactly where critical infrastructure exists, how it\u2019s all connected, and where those connections create the greatest vulnerabilities.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Graphing Versus Mapping<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The initial results were sobering. The team mapped just eight key infrastructure layers across the entire United States\u2014including energy, water, broadband, and transportation\u2014with a resultant network graph that revealed numerous interdependencies. The sheer number of infrastructure points and the intricate web of connections among them were staggering.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The graph revealed not only the complexity but also enabled staff to see each entity, such as a hospital, in isolation related to its dependency on water and power. Looking at the graph on a link chart is much different from looking at a map. The graph contains nodes and lines with connections that are color coded based on their level of importance. Analysts typically view a map and graph side by side to see the locations and connections on the map while also looking at the importance and vulnerability of those connections on the link chart. Sometimes, the scale and complexity of the data make it difficult to identify patterns or key entities through visual analysis alone. Analysts use ArcGIS Knowledge\u2019s graph analytics to automatically identify the most critical entities in the network, eliminating the need to rely solely on visual inspection.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The map and graph together shed light on not just infrastructure networks but also human networks such as the highly skilled workers who maintain the infrastructure. The graph can reveal who works with whom, while the map shows where they work and can even track their location in real time.<\/p>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"gallery","gallery_images":[767941,767940,767947]},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conventional approaches to infrastructure protection have treated each system in isolation, managing and maintaining each one in isolation with a \u201cstovepipe perspective,\u201d according to Philp. The reality is messier and more dangerous. With maps and graphs, we can see across the systems, using both the science of geography and the data science of graph theory.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Philp referenced biologist E.O. Wilson\u2019s observation that the future will be defined by people who can understand complex systems holistically rather than in isolation (see sidebar). Wilson was renowned for his work in sociobiology and systems thinking, advocating for interdisciplinary approaches to understanding complex ecological and social systems.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The breakthrough in Project Homeland came from such an approach. The team gathered detailed data about critical infrastructure and then used graph data science tools in ArcGIS Knowledge to analyze dependencies, revealing the web of vulnerabilities from the national scale down to individual city blocks. In Fort Lauderdale, for example, the system could show how a flood affecting one neighborhood\u2019s electrical substation might upset water treatment systems, hospitals, and emergency services across the region.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Mark Peters, MITRE\u2019s president and CEO, explained the value of this technology-driven work: \u201cWhen you\u2019re dealing with the complex challenges that we have today, if you don\u2019t have cutting-edge GIS frameworks to understand spatially how it evolves, you\u2019re not attacking the problem the right way.\u201d<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>A Trusted Third Party<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MITRE\u2019s position as a federally funded research and development operator provides a distinct advantage in a number of ways.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike private companies, MITRE is legally prohibited from competing with industry, making it a trusted intermediary that can work with both government agencies and private sector partners.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe are that independent third party,\u201d Philp emphasizes. \u201cThe thing most essential to our brand is trust.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MITRE regularly receives sensitive data from airlines, utilities, and other critical infrastructure operators\u2014information they won\u2019t share with anyone else. Their priority is not profit. It is to help reduce systemic risks.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This trust extends to MITRE\u2019s collaboration with private sector partners. MITRE needs cutting-edge technology from trusted partners\u2014like Esri\u2014that are committed to protecting sensitive customer data.<\/p>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"gallery","gallery_images":[768313,768314,768312]},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Local Impact, National Consequences<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Critical US infrastructure faces intensifying challenges from extreme weather events and sophisticated cyber threats. Meanwhile, the insurance industry is retreating from high-risk areas, leaving communities and taxpayers to bear increasing costs.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe pace of change in both threats and technology means we\u2019re constantly playing catch-up,\u201d Peters said.\u00a0\u201cThere are adversaries and challenges that are evolving faster than our traditional approaches can handle, which is why we need to fundamentally rethink how we understand and protect these interconnected systems.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For MITRE, this rethinking is the ultimate goal. That can happen through widespread adoption of holistic infrastructure analysis and the democratization of key data.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maps and graphs are essential tools, but they serve a higher purpose: better decisions. Philp envisions a system where local emergency managers from US cities of all sizes can contribute data and insights while benefiting from a national perspective on infrastructure interdependencies.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As Project Homeland evolves, Philp remains focused on the bigger picture: \u201cOur job is to try to understand how to improve the lives of millions of Americans.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Learn more about how <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/en-us\/industries\/security-operations\/overview\">GIS is applied to protect critical assets and unify security missions<\/a>.<\/p>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":303922,"image_position":"center","orientation":"horizontal","hyperlink":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Center","content":"<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>The Vision of Synthetic Thinking<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biologist E.O. Wilson\u2019s bestselling book, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Consilience-Knowledge-Edward-Osborne-Wilson\/dp\/067976867X\">Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge<\/a><\/em>, revived a 19th-century concept that feels remarkably prescient today. Consilience, originally meaning \"jumping together,\" described Wilson\u2019s vision for unifying all human knowledge\u2014from physics to psychology, from art to ethics\u2014under a single, coherent framework.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.words-and-dirt.com\/words\/book-review-edward-o-wilsons-consilience\/\">Wilson argued that<\/a> \u201cthe world henceforth will be run by synthesizers, people able to put together the right information at the right time, think critically about it, and make important choices wisely.\u201d\u00a0He believed humanity\u2019s greatest challenges required a breaking down of the artificial barriers between disciplines. He called upon what he termed <em>synthetic thinkers<\/em>, those who could see patterns and connections across seemingly disparate fields.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Geography has emerged as one of the most powerful tools for this synthetic thinking. Geographic information system (GIS) technology naturally integrates diverse information\u2014ecological data, demographic patterns, economic indicators, infrastructure networks\u2014onto a common spatial framework.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Knowledge graphs complement GIS to reveal the hidden connections between seemingly unrelated entities\u2014showing how a hospital\u2019s backup generator connects to fuel supply chains, or how a cyber vulnerability in one system can threaten an entire region\u2019s infrastructure.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While GIS provides the spatial framework, knowledge graphs provide the relational intelligence\u2014mapping not just where things are but also how they influence each other across disciplines and domains. This geographic approach reveals relationships that remain invisible when disciplines work in isolation. It is perhaps the closest practical realization of Wilson\u2019s consilience vision.<\/p>\r\nRead more about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/e-o-wilson-helping-us-see-what-others-cant\">E.O. Wilson's biodiversity and conservation work<\/a>.","snippet":""}],"references":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>MITRE Maps America\u2019s Hidden Infrastructure Vulnerabilities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"MITRE is building a national mapping system to reveal where America&#039;s critical infrastructure connections create dangerous vulnerabilities.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"US Water, Power, and Emergency Systems Are Vulnerable; Advanced Maps Show Where\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"MITRE is building a national mapping system to reveal where America&#039;s critical infrastructure connections create dangerous vulnerabilities.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Esri\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/esrigis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/app\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AdobeStock_1583382883-nodes-network_826.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Esri\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\n\t    \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n\t    \"@graph\": [\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities\",\n\t            \"name\": \"MITRE Maps America\u2019s Hidden Infrastructure Vulnerabilities\",\n\t            \"isPartOf\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/#website\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"datePublished\": \"2025-09-09T12:24:09+00:00\",\n\t            \"description\": \"MITRE is building a national mapping system to reveal where America's critical infrastructure connections create dangerous vulnerabilities.\",\n\t            \"breadcrumb\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities#breadcrumb\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"en-US\",\n\t            \"potentialAction\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"ReadAction\",\n\t                    \"target\": [\n\t                        \"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities\"\n\t                    ]\n\t                }\n\t            ]\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"BreadcrumbList\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/mitre-maps-americas-hidden-infrastructure-vulnerabilities#breadcrumb\",\n\t            \"itemListElement\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n\t                    \"position\": 1,\n\t                    \"name\": \"Home\",\n\t                    \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\"\n\t                },\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n\t                    \"position\": 2,\n\t                    \"name\": \"US Water, Power, and Emergency Systems Are Vulnerable; 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