{"id":388011,"date":"2020-11-17T05:58:57","date_gmt":"2020-11-17T13:58:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/?post_type=wherenext&#038;p=388011"},"modified":"2024-05-10T06:32:32","modified_gmt":"2024-05-10T13:32:32","slug":"indigo-ag-pursues-innovation-in-the-dirt-and-from-outer-space","status":"publish","type":"wherenext","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/publications\/wherenext\/indigo-ag-pursues-innovation-in-the-dirt-and-from-outer-space","title":{"rendered":"Indigo Ag Pursues Innovation in the Dirt and from Outer Space"},"author":501,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"sync_status":"","episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","castos_file_data":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[455201,369792,325382],"tags":[97842,472591,471031,471021,472601],"department":[488822],"wherenext-category":[],"industry":[],"class_list":["post-388011","wherenext","type-wherenext","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-climate-of-change","category-location-intelligence","category-remote-sensing","tag-agriculture","tag-agtech","tag-carbon-offsets","tag-net-zero","tag-smart-farms","department-sustainability-risk"],"acf":{"short_description":"A well-funded innovator in agtech, Indigo Ag is using location intelligence to promote a more efficient, climate-friendly way to farm.","pdf":{"host_remotely":false,"file":"","file_url":""},"flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Leaders of the Boston-based agricultural startup Indigo Ag think that to get a really good look at soil, you need to see it from outer space. The company\u2019s innovative use of satellite imagery, geospatial technology, and data-driven analytics to make farming more profitable and resilient in the age of global warming earned it the number one spot on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2019\/05\/15\/indigo-ag-improving-yields-with-microbes-satellite-imaging.html\">CNBC\u2019s Disruptor 50 list<\/a> last year."},{"acf_fc_layout":"sidebar","layout":"standard","image_reference":null,"image_reference_figure":"","spotlight_image":null,"section_title":"","spotlight_name":"","position":"Right","content":"<strong>Article snapshot:<\/strong> With a novel mix of ancient practices like cover cropping and modern techniques like satellite-based location intelligence, Indigo Ag is innovating an industry from within and putting climate change in the crosshairs.","snippet":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"Indigo Ag is introducing innovations in almost every sector of the industry, from hosting digital marketplaces to streamlining transportation logistics.\r\n\r\nAt the heart of Indigo\u2019s quest to reform how crops are grown are microbial seed treatments. These naturally occurring microbes\u2014selected for their ability to help plants withstand stress\u2014are applied to corn, soybean, rice, and cotton prior to germination. The technology has the potential to create higher yields for farmers while reducing risk and the need for chemicals, fertilizers, and other expensive and potentially harmful inputs. Indigo Ag executives believe a combination of these crop treatments and a broader commitment to a more beneficial way of farming, guided by location intelligence, can help address the most vexing problem of all: climate change.\r\n<h3><strong>A Map of the World\u2019s Food Supply<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nTo back that effort and work with farmers on practices and microbial treatments tailored to their unique environments, Indigo Ag leans heavily on geographic information system (GIS) technology. The system makes it possible to process trillions of data points generated through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/en-us\/arcgis\/products\/imagery-remote-sensing\/overview\">remote sensing<\/a> (satellite scans of Earth), sensor data from farm equipment, and mobile data entered by farmers and agronomists.\r\n\r\n\u201cYou need that multiple-angle view of what\u2019s happening on the ground to build something lasting,\u201d says David Potere, head of geoinnovation at Indigo. \u201cIt\u2019s that center point, that intersection, where we think all the value is.\u201d\r\n\r\nPotere co-founded TellusLabs, which Indigo Ag acquired in 2018 and which serves as the foundation for the company\u2019s geospatial platform known as Atlas. Tellus was started with the idea of creating a living map of the food world, combining machine learning and remote sensing to detect patterns in crop growth and health.\r\n\r\nNow the technology is enabling Indigo to provide farmers with the location intelligence needed to make their labor more efficient. Drawing on a complex array of data points including planting dates, the pH of the field, soil types, and climate and weather patterns, Indigo\u2019s agronomists aim to match the right seed treatments to the land being cultivated, or forecast crop volumes to help farmers estimate what they\u2019ll bring to market. Drones or satellites can relay information about plant canopies, with the color and quality of the leaves giving agronomists an integrated view of plant health and maturity.\r\n\r\nLocation analysis is also aiding the company\u2019s effort to incentivize carbon sequestration. Based on soil studies and satellite data, Indigo Ag can suggest carbon-sequestering practices a farmer might implement, then measure progress and allocate carbon credits.\r\n\r\nIn comparison to industrially farmed plots, fields farmed in the regenerative fashion that Indigo encourages are often more resistant to extreme weather events like floods. These nature-based solutions also can bolster the farmer\u2019s bottom line, as properties produce healthier, higher-yielding crops. By bringing to life various data layers\u2014many invisible to the human eye\u2014the smart maps making this insight possible are helping to fulfill the promise of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/blog\/how-location-intelligence-powers-sustainable-agriculture\/\">precision agriculture<\/a>."},{"acf_fc_layout":"quote","image":387951,"text":"What we're doing with a three-dimensional view of agriculture is we're turning what's typically been a vulnerability or a hindrance to learning\u2014this variation within fields\u2014into an advantage. The way you do that is with geospatial technology.","author_name":"David Potere, Indigo Ag","author_profession_organization":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h3><strong>Indigo Ag and the Quest to Clean Up Dirty Data<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nThe world of agriculture has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/publications\/wherenext\/location-intelligence-and-the-connected-farm\/\">become increasingly data driven<\/a>, with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/publications\/wherenext\/john-deere-market-development-with-location-intelligence\/\">companies like John Deere<\/a> manufacturing equipment that captures information as it operates, and farmers using drones and other sensors to track conditions across thousands of acres.\r\n\r\nBut accurately and consistently gathering data about a working field is a far more difficult task than equipping, say, an office building with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/publications\/wherenext\/iot-big-data-get-real\/\">IoT sensors<\/a>. Every piece of land\u2014even every row of crops\u2014is unique, and every season brings unpredictable inputs in terms of water, wind, heat, and cold, especially in the age of climate change.\r\n\r\n\u201cNothing is the same in agriculture\u2014any farmer will tell you that,\u201d says Chris Malone, who works closely with Potere as head of field data solutions at Indigo.\r\n\r\nIndigo Ag uses GIS technology to orchestrate the information value chain across <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/en-us\/geospatial-thinking\/stories\/agriculture\">agriculture<\/a>, bringing order to the complicated process of deriving insight from datasets that can be as dirty as the bottom of a farmer\u2019s boot. Potere, who served in the navy, earned a PhD in geodemography, and worked at Boston Consulting Group before starting Tellus, brings a geospatial approach to everything he does.\r\n\r\nHe sees this as a unique moment in time, when computing power has caught up to the ambitions of agtech pioneers like Indigo. \u201cIt does feel like now is a kind of moment where this is actually going to start happening,\u201d Potere says, \u201cbecause we\u2019ve been looking long enough, hard enough with satellites, and because cloud computing is cheap and prevalent enough, and because <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/publications\/wherenext\/artificial-intelligence-and-location-intelligence-for-business\/\">machine learning<\/a> is now capable of dealing with these volumes.\u201d\r\n\r\nCombined with geospatial technology, those tools yield a detailed, dynamic vision of the agricultural landscape that can help farmers make choices that lead to greater profitability and resilience, and actively contribute to a healthier planet by drawing carbon out of the atmosphere and reducing on-farm emissions."},{"acf_fc_layout":"quote","image":388051,"text":"Part of the carbon story is to take action on climate via the soil. We have to learn how to do that. It's not a dominant practice in the US right now.","author_name":"David Potere, Indigo Ag","author_profession_organization":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<strong>Growing Profits with Location Analysis<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe laboratory of Indigo Ag\u2019s insights is its Indigo Research Partners program. Working with over 100 farmers who collectively farm around one million acres and have agreed to test the microbially treated seeds and instrument their fields with sensors, the Indigo team tests theories and assumptions in real-world settings with scientific precision. Data collected with iPads in the cabs of pick-up trucks, from sensors on combines and similar farm equipment, and from satellites floating thousands of miles above generates valuable insight that allows Indigo to hone location intelligence about seed treatments and carbon-reducing techniques."},{"acf_fc_layout":"form","form_type":"aside","form_position":"Right","form_title":"THE ESRI BRIEF","form_desc":"A biweekly email connecting senior executives and business leaders with thought-provoking articles on location intelligence and critical technology trends.","form_button_label":"Sign up now","form_content":"https:\/\/go.pardot.com\/l\/82202\/2017-10-12\/jw1bmb","form_tag":"low-commitment-form\/sign-up-form"},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"In contrast to carefully controlled small plot trials often used in agriculture, this approach enables Indigo Ag to follow the evolution of crops against variables like moisture levels or sun exposure in real-life, rugged, and unpredictable circumstances. A field of about 100 acres might be split into four quadrants, three planted with different bundles of microbial products, one set aside as the control.\r\n\r\nThrough Indigo Ag\u2019s multi-layered data collection, farmers and agronomists can track land-based factors like geography and soil type; human decisions made by the farming team such as which seeds they plant and at what rate; and the outcomes of those actions.\r\n\r\nThe team has developed a product called Mufasa that uses multifactorial spatial analysis to pull these disparate strands of information together and overlay the data on maps. From there they determine where to make an intervention, such as using more or less irrigation, or whether a microbial product works better in silty loam or clay loam soil. Finally, Indigo will employ data to understand the effect of interventions.\r\n\r\nThis location analysis and the insights it produces are leading to real results for farmers whose profits are increasingly squeezed by market volatility and the destructive effects of climate change. For Ben Riensche, an Indigo Research Partner and sixth-generation Iowan farmer who specializes in soybeans and corn, Indigo Ag\u2019s data-powered feedback and microbial treatments have improved crop yields by more than 10 percent. Location-specific insights about farming practices helped Kansas grower Tony Hein boost profits by $50,000 a year while reducing environmentally harmful inputs like pesticides.\r\n<h3><strong>Regenerative Practices Enlisted for Climate Resilience <\/strong><\/h3>\r\nAt Indigo Ag, location intelligence also plays an important role in helping agricultural properties transition to regenerative practices. The idea behind this approach is to turn back the clock on some intensive industrial farming practices that have depleted the land of resources and made vast sections of the country, including the Corn Belt, more vulnerable to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/publications\/wherenext\/nexttech-climate-change\/\">climate change<\/a>.\r\n\r\nPractices such as using cover crops (noncommercial plants that hold carbon in the soil and prevent erosion over the winter); crop rotation; and reducing tillage help to keep carbon out of the atmosphere, making farms stronger while reducing reliance on fertilizer and pesticides.\r\n\r\nFarmland in Livingston County, Missouri recently saw a severe drought\u2014a weather event that\u2019s becoming increasingly common due to climate change. Through spatial analysis, Indigo found that the fields being farmed regeneratively\u2014easy to spot on color-coded smart maps\u2014fared better than those farmed conventionally. While all farms in the afflicted area suffered, those using practices like cover crops had a longer, better run of plant health because the stronger soil was more capable of retaining water.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile, Hancock County in Ohio has been handling extreme weather events at the opposite end of the spectrum in recent years: floods. Due to massive rainfall, many farmers lost the ability to even sow their fields. But Indigo Ag\u2019s analysis found that plots using regenerative practices were better able to manage the excess water and had a more productive season than conventional fields, which were often left unplanted.\r\n\r\nGiven the number of variables that has to be taken into account, and the diversity of conditions across hundreds or thousands of acres, the transition to healthier practices can be difficult to manage without the insights generated by GIS-backed technology. \u201cFrom a risk mitigation perspective, transition to regenerative practices looks like an insurance policy, if you can do it safely and smartly,\u201d Potere says. \u201cHaving an insights engine that lets you look everywhere and scale the learnings from our 100,000 partner acres is a really important part of building a climate system.\u201d"},{"acf_fc_layout":"quote","image":388041,"text":"What's really cool about regenerative farming is . . .  it's a form of climate action, but farmers that do these practices build soils that are more resilient to the effects of climate change, like flooding and drought.","author_name":"David Potere, Indigo Ag","author_profession_organization":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<h3><strong>Feeding the Demand for Net Zero \u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nThe other major positive outcome created by regenerative farming is carbon sequestration. With <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/publications\/wherenext\/products-and-carbon-labels\/\">green consumerism<\/a> on the rise, companies like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/about\/newsroom\/publications\/wherenext\/net-zero-and-carbon-offsets\/\">Apple<\/a>, Ford, and BP are pledging to go net zero on carbon emissions within the next few decades.\r\n\r\nTo help support these goals, there\u2019s momentum building behind the idea of a carbon credit system or marketplace, in which farmers will be paid for their efforts to trap more carbon in the soils of the land they tend, or reduce their emissions. It\u2019s a nature-based solution that\u2019s garnered support both in the private and public sector, where the issue has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/newsletters\/the-long-game\/2020\/08\/04\/betting-the-farm-489964\">rare bipartisan accord<\/a>. Such a system would allow companies to offset their own emissions, or advertise that the crops moving through their supply chains are carbon neutral. Farmers in turn would be motivated to pursue carbon-reducing techniques like cover crops or practices that reduce on-farm emissions like limiting nitrogen use, because they could sell the associated credits. In some lean years that could even make the difference between a net profit and a net loss.\r\n\r\nThe practices Indigo Ag is helping farmers put in place based on location intelligence can help restore cultivated soils, raising carbon content closer to the levels found in forest and prairie soil. By trapping more carbon in the soil and reducing on-farm emissions, farmers can play a role in climate solutions.\r\n\r\nThe company sees an opportunity both to aid this transition and to be one of the major players in the nascent field, with data-gathering technology capable of verifying that a farmer is reducing on-farm emissions through sequestration and abatement. Indigo starts by testing the soil, establishing the current amount of carbon, and working with the farmer to determine which practices will work best for their location and conditions. Over time, the farmer will get credits as the amount of carbon in the soil increases\u2014currently around $15 per metric ton of carbon, but with the potential to increase.\r\n\r\nThis is Indigo Ag\u2019s first season with growers enrolled in the program. Following the current extensive period of sampling, they\u2019ll move into credit generation next year.\r\n\r\nThe company is already moving ahead on a sustainable grain programs with companies like Anheuser-Busch, which came to Indigo with the goal of growing rice with 10 percent less water, 10 percent less nitrogen, and 10 percent fewer emissions. A year in, the brewer has already saved two million gallons of water and reduced fertilizer use by 250,000 pounds.\r\n<h3><strong>A New Way to See Farmland<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nAmid escalating environmental crises and an agricultural industry strained by global volatility, it\u2019s clear that the way the world farms must change. Some methods of regenerative farming harken to the past, returning modern farmers to the chemical-light, soil-healthy methods of their grandparents. Other new approaches, like using smart maps and machine learning to decipher patterns in satellite imagery, are only possible due to recent advances in digital tools and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/en-us\/location-intelligence\">location technology<\/a>.\r\n\r\nSituated on the cusp of these changes, Indigo Ag is helping to create a more beneficial agriculture system through data, overcoming the challenges both in collecting it from the field and analyzing it to derive useful insight. Where farmers once had to rely on intuition to make decisions about how they farmed their crops, Indigo Ag\u2019s use of geospatial technology is making it possible to see farmland in a new way, layered with data scooped up from the earth and analyzed from outer space.\r\n\r\n\u201cThe beauty of geography and the power of geospatial is that it\u2019s an integrative science,\u201d Potere says. \u201cIt\u2019s the natural place to bring diverse data domains together and create something of real value.\u201d"}],"references":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Indigo Ag Pursues Innovation and Discovery in the Soil, from Orbit<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Startup Indigo Ag has joined the push to address climate change through nature-based solutions, backed by location intelligence.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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