{"id":72791,"date":"2016-07-06T13:50:29","date_gmt":"2016-07-06T13:50:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/products\/product\/uncategorized\/map-the-frequency-of-transit-service-across-your-city-and-find-out-why-it-matters\/"},"modified":"2021-11-11T13:34:14","modified_gmt":"2021-11-11T21:34:14","slug":"map-the-frequency-of-transit-service-across-your-city-and-find-out-why-it-matters","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/products\/network-analyst\/transportation\/map-the-frequency-of-transit-service-across-your-city-and-find-out-why-it-matters","title":{"rendered":"Map the frequency of transit service across your city and find out why it matters"},"author":6101,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_searchwp_excluded":""},"categories":[23341,28211,22841,22941,23351],"tags":[30841,27181,23551,26221,30861,30881,24341,31251,23391,28791,30891,23401],"industry":[],"product":[37021,36561,36991],"class_list":["post-72791","blog","type-blog","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-analytics","category-health","category-local-government","category-mapping","category-transportation","tag-gtfs","tag-health","tag-location-analytics","tag-open-data","tag-public-transit","tag-public-transportation","tag-python","tag-service-area","tag-spatial-analytics","tag-transit","tag-transport","tag-transportation","product-network-analyst","product-arcgis-pro","product-arcgis-desktop"],"acf":{"short_description":"Suppose there's a bus stop right outside Jerry's house.\u00a0 It's very easy and convenient for Jerry to walk out his front door to the bus s...","flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<p><em>The BetterBusBuffers toolbox mentioned in this post is now deprecated because it has been replaced by the <a href=\"https:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/latest\/tool-reference\/public-transit\/calculate-transit-service-frequency.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Calculate Transit Service Frequency<\/a> tool, available starting in ArcGIS Pro 2.9. You can use this newer tool to perform analyses like those described below.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Suppose there&#8217;s a bus stop right outside Jerry&#8217;s house.\u00a0 It&#8217;s very easy and convenient for Jerry to walk out his front door to the bus stop to wait for a bus.\u00a0 Suppose there&#8217;s a bus stop right outside Tom&#8217;s house, too.\u00a0 But, whereas a bus visits Jerry&#8217;s stop every 10 minutes, Tom&#8217;s stop only gets a bus once every hour.\u00a0 Although it&#8217;s equally easy for Jerry and Tom to get to a bus stop, Jerry is almost certainly better served by the transit system because he has a lot more opportunities to actually get on the bus and travel away.\u00a0 He&#8217;s less likely to be late for work if he misses his bus, and he doesn\u2019t have to plan his errands quite so carefully.<\/p>\n<p>Is Tom&#8217;s neighborhood underserved by the public transit system?\u00a0 Are there disparities in how well Jerry&#8217;s and Tom&#8217;s respective demographic or socioeconomic groups are served?\u00a0 Is Jerry&#8217;s house worth more than Tom&#8217;s because of its better transit service?\u00a0 Is Tom more likely to drive his car to work than Jerry?<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Who does my public transit system serve?\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.esri.com\/esri\/arcgis\/2016\/06\/20\/who-does-my-public-transit-system-serve\/\" target=\"_blank\">Previously, we discussed<\/a> how to find out the area served by your transit system (the area within a short walking distance of transit stops) and the demographic characteristics of the people in that area. \u00a0In this post, we&#8217;ll discuss a measure of how well those people are served by transit. \u00a0You can use this information to answer questions like the ones posed above.<\/p>\n<p><em>Shortcut, in case you don&#8217;t read all the way to the end: Download the free <a title=\"Download BetterBusBuffers\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arcgis.com\/home\/item.html?id=42e57c5ff9a0497f831f4fced087b9b0\" target=\"_blank\">BetterBusBuffers<\/a> toolbox to make transit frequency maps like the ones shown below.<!--more--><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Recall how we <a title=\"Who does my public transit system serve?\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.esri.com\/esri\/arcgis\/2016\/06\/20\/who-does-my-public-transit-system-serve\/\" target=\"_blank\">calculated the area served by a transit system<\/a>.\u00a0 We created Service Areas showing the area within a quarter mile walk of all the transit stops:<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65795\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65795\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/urbanobservatory.maps.arcgis.com\/apps\/MapJournal\/index.html?appid=4ff29e65bcf94677a7cbe030665991ea&amp;section=2\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-65795 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2016\/07\/A2ServiceAreas_Full.png\" alt=\"AAATA Service Area\" width=\"850\" height=\"559\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65795\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Area within a quarter mile walk of Ann Arbor Area Transit Authority transit stops<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>This is informative, but merely having access to a transit stop isn&#8217;t useful until a bus or train stops there and picks you up.\u00a0 Consequently, we would like to know <em>how often<\/em> each stop is visited.\u00a0 This is where the true power of <a href=\"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/transit\/gtfs\/\" target=\"_blank\">GTFS data<\/a>\u00a0comes in.\u00a0 The GTFS data contains the transit schedules, so we can use those schedules to count the number of times each stop is visited during a time window.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65798\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65798\" style=\"width: 974px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/arcg.is\/1OXQXdR\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-65798 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2016\/07\/A2Frequencies_MorningRush_Stops.png\" alt=\"AAATA stops with frequency\" width=\"974\" height=\"612\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65798\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann Arbor Area Transit Authority stops color-coded by frequency of service during morning rush hour (Wednesday from 6:30am-9:30am).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Using this same information, we can calculate the frequency of service available in our entire service area and show that frequency in a map using a color scale.\u00a0 You can see in the image below that in the outskirts of Ann Arbor and in most of Ypsilanti, transit customers have fewer than two transit trips available during morning rush hour.\u00a0 On the other hand, if you&#8217;re in downtown Ann Arbor or Ypsilanti, you have access to more than 20 trips per hour.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65800\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65800\" style=\"width: 825px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/arcg.is\/1OXQXdR\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-65800 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2016\/07\/A2Frequencies_MorningRush.png\" alt=\"Ann Arbor transit frequency, morning rush\" width=\"825\" height=\"578\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65800\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann Arbor Area Transit Authority service area showing frequency of transit service during morning rush hour (Wednesday from 6:30am-9:30am).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The time of day matters.\u00a0 So far, we&#8217;ve been looking at a weekday morning rush hour.\u00a0 However, not all trips occur during rush hour.\u00a0 People might want to do their shopping on a weekend, for example, but on the whole, there isn&#8217;t as much service available during the daytime on Saturday:<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65801\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65801\" style=\"width: 857px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/arcg.is\/1OXQXdR\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-65801 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2016\/07\/A2Frequencies_Weekend.png\" alt=\"Ann Arbor transit frequency, weekend daytime\" width=\"857\" height=\"569\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65801\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ann Arbor Area Transit Authority service area showing frequency of transit service during the day on Saturday (from 9:30am-3:30pm).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>You might want to consider the frequency of transit service available at specific points of interest.\u00a0 For example, you could find out how many trips per hour are available at your health clinics, your schools, or a couple of apartments you&#8217;re thinking about renting.\u00a0 You could even take this point-of-interest analysis to the extreme and calculate the transit frequency available to each individual parcel in your city, as demonstrated in the image below.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65802\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65802\" style=\"width: 781px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/urbanobservatory.maps.arcgis.com\/apps\/Minimalist\/index.html?appid=eb2ee08d3ac14a03bc1610ee9d125803\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-65802 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2016\/07\/LAParcels.png\" alt=\"Transit frequency in Los Angeles parcels\" width=\"781\" height=\"680\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65802\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parcels in Los Angeles color-coded by frequency of LA Metro transit service available within a quarter-mile walk.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>You can use the <a title=\"Download BetterBusBuffers\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arcgis.com\/home\/item.html?id=42e57c5ff9a0497f831f4fced087b9b0\" target=\"_blank\">BetterBusBuffers<\/a> toolbox in ArcMap or ArcGIS Pro to make maps like ones shown here.\u00a0 This free, downloadable set of tools allows you to calculate the number of transit trips available at a stop, point of interest, or area of town during the time window of your choice.\u00a0 To use the tool, you need a valid GTFS dataset, and you may also need a network dataset and a Network Analyst license, depending on which of the BetterBusBuffers tools you want to run.\u00a0 The toolbox comes with a detailed description of the requirements, step-by-step instructions, and advice on how to interpret the output, so be sure to check out the <a title=\"BetterBusBuffers user's guide\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Esri\/public-transit-tools\/blob\/master\/better-bus-buffers\/UsersGuide.md\" target=\"_blank\">User&#8217;s Guide<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Note: Some areas or points of interest have access to more than one stop.\u00a0 The BetterBusBuffers tool counts the unique trips at all stops within the designated walk distance.\u00a0 In the maps shown above, a traveler in the bright green area in downtown Ann Arbor has access to more than 20 trips within a quarter-mile walk distance, even if those trips are at different stops.<\/p>\n<p>Not all transit access is created equal.\u00a0 Some areas of town enjoy more frequent transit service than others, and this may vary by time of day or day of the week.\u00a0 This, in turn, might impact the area&#8217;s (or point of interest&#8217;s) desirability or be correlated to the area&#8217;s socioeconomic characteristics.\u00a0 Give this some thought, and factor it into your next analysis.<\/p>\n<p>Keep watching the Esri blog for more posts about public transit analysis.\u00a0 We&#8217;ll be back soon to share more ideas and tools with you.<\/p>\n"}],"authors":[{"ID":6101,"user_firstname":"Melinda","user_lastname":"Morang","nickname":"Melinda Morang","user_nicename":"mmorang","display_name":"Melinda Morang","user_email":"MMorang@esri.com","user_url":"http:\/\/esri.github.io\/public-transit-tools\/","user_registered":"2018-03-02 00:17:55","user_description":"Melinda Morang is a product engineer on Esri's Network Analyst Team.","user_avatar":"<img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/351326d7c08f7ab9b073f40136a952596bcdcaccdfa53db198b2367fc1dd51f5?s=96&#038;d=blank&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/351326d7c08f7ab9b073f40136a952596bcdcaccdfa53db198b2367fc1dd51f5?s=192&#038;d=blank&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-96 photo' height='96' width='96' loading='lazy' decoding='async'\/>"}],"related_articles":"","card_image":false,"wide_image":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Map the frequency of transit service across your city and find out why it matters<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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