{"id":78721,"date":"2017-07-26T10:51:02","date_gmt":"2017-07-26T10:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/products\/product\/uncategorized\/how-to-fake-island-election-map-thing\/"},"modified":"2018-03-26T21:14:02","modified_gmt":"2018-03-26T21:14:02","slug":"how-to-fake-island-election-map-thing","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/products\/analytics\/analytics\/how-to-fake-island-election-map-thing","title":{"rendered":"How-To: Fake Island Election Map Thing"},"author":6971,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_searchwp_excluded":""},"categories":[23341,23851,22851,22941],"tags":[23201,26451,27971,32331,22901,23391,27911],"industry":[],"product":[36561],"class_list":["post-78721","blog","type-blog","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-analytics","category-data-management","category-national-government","category-mapping","tag-cartographic-design","tag-cartography","tag-editing","tag-how-to","tag-national-government","tag-spatial-analytics","tag-tutorial","product-arcgis-pro"],"acf":{"short_description":"Here is a map in the style of\u00a0Tim Wallace\u2019s definitive map\u00a0of the 2016 US Presidential Election.\nThis is a small snapshot of Tim's ma...","flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"content","content":"<p>Here is a map in the style of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2016\/11\/16\/us\/politics\/the-two-americas-of-2016.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tim Wallace\u2019s definitive map<\/a>\u00a0of the 2016 US Presidential Election.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">This is a small snapshot of Tim&#8217;s maps, for reference&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2016\/11\/16\/us\/politics\/the-two-americas-of-2016.html\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-83955\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/TimsMaps1-175x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"175\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Tim\u2019s unique take, and beautiful craftsmanship, show two Americas, one of Trump and one of Clinton. But I wondered if there was an opportunity to illustrate, via the same novel technique used by Tim, an America where islands of remarkably bipartisan populations rise up among a more polarized sea. With his permission, I took a crack at making a version of that map\u2026<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/BlendedAmericaOf2016.png\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83952 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/BlendedAmericaOf2016.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1396\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Why?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I made this dot density map, below, years ago to illustrate for my son, Bear, the importance of a normalized, truer, picture of American voting. But what stood out to me the most was just how <em>purple<\/em> the resulting map was. Only traces of the partisan colors red and blue remained, at this scale. And I thought that was sort of beautiful, it its way, and I was happy to accidentally show Bear that, from this perspective, our similarities are much more profound than our differences.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Election2012.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83953 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Election2012.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"451\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">It was from this perspective that I thought an &#8220;Islands&#8221; map, like Tim Wallace&#8217;s, could paint an interesting picture of a politically blended America. And I&#8217;m happy with how it turned out.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Also, since I&#8217;m such a nerd, I&#8217;m happy to show you how to make it, too!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Here&#8217;s how to make this &#8220;Blended America&#8221; map in ArcGIS Pro&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Tim&#8217;s map shows nuanced coastlines skirting islands of faint satellite imagery. Around these islands he painted in a faint water&#8217;s edge gradient effect. He provides labels of real place names, for context, and also playful names for the resulting imaginary land\/water features.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Let&#8217;s start out with an <a href=\"https:\/\/livingatlas.arcgis.com\/en\/#s=0&amp;q=world%20imagery%20basemap\" target=\"_blank\">imagery basemap<\/a>. In the Appearance tab, I set the transparency to 50%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/1Imagery1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83957 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/1Imagery1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Next, I added a county-level layer of 2016 presidential election results. I <a href=\"http:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/help\/mapping\/navigation\/select-features-using-attributes.htm\" target=\"_blank\">queried the attributes<\/a> to select, and <a href=\"https:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/help\/data\/geodatabases\/overview\/copy-feature-datasets-classes-and-tables-to-another-geodatabase.htm#GUID-FFB493AE-4D40-4D6A-A548-B497B5195C15\" target=\"_blank\">retain<\/a>, only those counties with a + or &#8211; 5% voting margin. I&#8217;ve heard these places called &#8220;battlegrounds&#8221; but I much prefer &#8220;blended&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/2CloseCounties.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83958 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/2CloseCounties.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">There they are! But counties are often quite rigidly drawn so my &#8220;proto-islands&#8221; are far too regular and boxy. Tim did a great job of giving his islands an organic sinuous shape. How did he do it?? I don&#8217;t know.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">But I had an idea for how I might en-bend-ify these counties. <em>Zip Code Tabulation Areas<\/em>\u00a0(ZCTAs) are comparatively small, very irregularly shaped, and do not generally share borders with counties. Plus, there is the added bonus that ZCTAs only exist where people live.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">So, I ran a <a href=\"http:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/help\/mapping\/navigation\/select-features-by-location.htm\" target=\"_blank\">spatial query<\/a> to select and retain only those ZCTAs that have their centers in one of my blended counties.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/3Zips.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83960 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/3Zips.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Then I <a href=\"http:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/tool-reference\/data-management\/dissolve.htm\" target=\"_blank\">dissolved<\/a> all those ZCTAs into a single shape.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/3_5ZipsDissolved.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83961 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/3_5ZipsDissolved.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/tool-reference\/data-management\/create-feature-class.htm\" target=\"_blank\">made a new layer<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/help\/editing\/create-polygon-features.htm\" target=\"_blank\">drew<\/a>\u00a0a big polygon over all of the continental United States. Then, I used the ZCTA shape like a <a href=\"http:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/tool-reference\/analysis\/an-overview-of-the-overlay-toolset.htm\" target=\"_blank\">cookie cutter<\/a> to punch holes in this big new polygon. The result was a rectangle with the ZCTA bits erased. I can see the imagery through the holes. Neat.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/4Union.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83962 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/4Union.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Now to make these things look like islands. In this layer&#8217;s Symbology panel, I gave the polygon a thin faint gray stroke, like Tim&#8217;s islands. But how to achieve that coastal water glow that he has (without making a bunch of unwieldy buffers)? Happily, there is a handy little option for setting a polygon&#8217;s fill called &#8220;Gradient fill&#8221;. This is handy for highlighting an area of interest, like in Cooper Thomas&#8217; <a href=\"http:\/\/learn.arcgis.com\/en\/projects\/cartographic-creations-in-arcgis-pro\/\" target=\"_blank\">epic map<\/a>. But since we have a reversed-out shape covering the US, we can use it to create a coastal water effect.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/5InnerGradientEditor.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83963 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/5InnerGradientEditor.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">And here is the result. Hey alright, a passable water glow!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/6InnerGradient.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83964 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/6InnerGradient.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">In the layout, I can now start to add all sorts of labels to this map. Since my geography is fake islands, and an implied fake sea, I can&#8217;t use the standard attribute-driven layer tool (I don&#8217;t have attributes!) I just <a href=\"http:\/\/pro.arcgis.com\/en\/pro-app\/help\/layouts\/add-and-modify-graphics-and-text.htm\" target=\"_blank\">manually placed<\/a> some real city labels, some made up island labels and some made up water labels. In the spirit of Tim&#8217;s maps. It was fun.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/7Annotation.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83965 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/7Annotation.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">All that remained was a big newsy title and by-line. These were added the same way.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/8Title.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83966 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/8Title.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1494\" height=\"1012\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Then, in the Share tab, I exported the map as an image, ready to bounce around the internet for a bit.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/BlendedAmericaOf20161.png\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83967 noIMGBackground\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2017\/07\/BlendedAmericaOf20161.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1396\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">There it is. My best attempt to pay homage to Tim Wallace&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2016\/11\/16\/us\/politics\/the-two-americas-of-2016.html\" target=\"_blank\">Two Americas maps<\/a> but from a slightly different perspective, and also in the sneaky spirit of cartographic reverse-engineering.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Happy Homage Mapping! <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/John_M_Nelson\" target=\"_blank\">John<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">\n"}],"authors":[{"ID":6971,"user_firstname":"John","user_lastname":"Nelson","nickname":"John Nelson","user_nicename":"j_nelson","display_name":"John Nelson","user_email":"John_Nelson@esri.com","user_url":"http:\/\/www.adventuresinmapping.com","user_registered":"2018-03-02 00:19:05","user_description":"I have far too much fun looking for ways to understand and present data visually, hopefully driving product strategy and engaging users. I work in the ArcGIS Living Atlas team at Esri, pushing and pulling data in all sorts of absurd ways and then sharing the process. I also design user experiences for maps and apps.\r\nWhen I'm not doing those things, I'm chasing around toddlers and wrangling chickens, and generally getting into other ad-hoc adventures. Life is good.\r\nYou might also like these Styles for ArcGIS Pro: esriurl.com\/nelsonstyles","user_avatar":"<img data-del=\"avatar\" src='https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/app\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Profile.jpg' class='avatar pp-user-avatar avatar-96 photo ' height='96' width='96'\/>"}]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How-To: Fake Island Election Map Thing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.esri.com\/arcgis-blog\/products\/analytics\/analytics\/how-to-fake-island-election-map-thing\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How-To: Fake Island Election Map Thing\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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